The only things that truly do not change in a smart contract even with proxies concepts are state variables. However, not carefully using them in a smart contract could lead to some serious vulnerabilities. One of those vulnerabilities is called state variables shadowing. Therefore, what is smart contract shadowing state ...
Making an audit against a smart contract is a great thing. However, finding vulnerabilities without fixing them is useless. Unfortunately, smart contracts are immutable by design, which means that once the smart contract is deployed, it cannot be changed. So how to fix a smart contract? To fix a vulnerable ...
To be able to perform the different tasks and execute the operations in its source code, smart contracts require a certain level of gas. This gas is paid by the user that tries to execute the smart contract using a transaction. However, when the user does not send enough gas ...
The transaction life cycle in most Blockchain technologies is mainly controlled by miners, even the order of the transactions. Therefore, when two users execute two different transactions at the same or closer time then only their gas fees will judge who will be executed first. This concept creates a vulnerability ...
In June 17, 2016 the most famous DAO platform developed by solidity language was victim to a big hack that make it lose more than 3.6 million Ether. The attacker has exploited a vulnerability called reentrancy in the smart contract that managed the platform. So what is a reentrancy attack ...
During the development of a smart contract, programmers may need to know the exact time to be able to execute some actions. Therefore, smart contract developers use what we call a timestamp offered by the node executing the smart contract. However, this may cause create multiple vulnerabilities that can cause ...
Honeypot programs are one of the best tools that security researchers have ever made to study the new or unknown hacking techniques used by attackers. Therefore, using honeypots in smart contract could be a very good idea to study those attacks. So what is honeypot in smart contract? Honeypots in ...
In the intricate landscape of cybersecurity, understanding the concept of malware artifacts is paramount for safeguarding digital environments. All malwares has their own digitale signature that is represented by their artifacts, that can be used to detect them in infected machines. So, what are malware artifacts? Malware artifacts are traces [...]
